What is a vassal?

A vassal is defined as a noble who received land from a lord in exchange for loyalty and service. This arrangement is a fundamental aspect of the feudal system that characterized medieval society. In this hierarchical structure, the lord granted a portion of his land, known as a fief, to the vassal. In return, the vassal pledged loyalty and military service, supporting the lord in times of war and upholding his interests within the realm. This relationship solidified social and political ties and contributed to the stability of feudal society, as the obligation of vassals to their lords was a key component of governance and land management during the Middle Ages.

The other options do not accurately reflect the definition of a vassal. A type of peasant worker is generally referred to as a serf or laborer, rather than a vassal. Members of the clergy are typically involved in religious duties and do not fit the description of a vassal engaged in landholding and feudal service. A king's advisor or counselor, while important in their own right, does not encompass the specific responsibilities and relationships that define a vassal within the feudal system.